Cooked Essay

In the movie named The Smell of Coriander, I find a touching story about a man who realizes his profound redemption from the punishment. Waking up early, having a heartily prepared meal, dressing up and being picked up to the company by a private driver is the beginning of a normal working day of Thanh who is a successful middle aged investor in real estate and stock market in Viet Nam. He is also the CEO of the trading center naming Sky. Many people look at his successes and his happy family with the jealousness. But behind his current clean, perfect profile is an ashamed background in which he appears as a true, heartless betrayer.Thanh was a talented, handsome man in a small village besides a mildly flowing river. His superficial youth led him to the pregnancy of Hoa, his girlfriend. They were really in love with each other, and they were planning for a wedding by themselves. A month after the pregnancy of Hoa, Thanh was accepted to an illustrious university. He was a smart and am bitious man, so he wanted to follow the call of a promising life which would change his life totally if he took the chance. Obviously his girlfriend became a burden for his own career.Thanh knew that she would not let him go unless he would take her with him. He decided to leave Hoa in secret and pursued his dream. When Hoa realized that his boyfriend has left, she was drastically shocked, but she still wanted to keep the child. As a part of Asian culture, having a child without the husband is a considerable shame for a family, so Thanh left her family and born the child in a motel; then, she gave him to a poor family in another village. She could not admit the truth that his boyfriend had left her, so she committed a suicide in the hopelessness and the severe hurt.After graduating from the university, Thanh got married with a wealthy and powerful woman and began his own career, while his forlorn son, Huy, tried to overcome every single complication to go to school and to survive. H uy was as smart as his father. He always appeared as an outstanding student at school, so he got a scholarship to study business in a university. Ironically, that scholarship was sponsored by his unknown father’s corporation. Huy somehow knew about his mother’s death and his betraying father from the poor family in which he was adopted.He grows the revenge toward his father. He swore that he will destroy his father’s current successes and be a big man in his father’s fields. Thanh kept moving on in his profession without the redemption of the past; he even did not care if he had a child. With him, money was everything. While he thought that nobody could stop him in controlling the market, a small company was established and tried to contract a project that the Sky of Thanh was also aiming at. The manager of the small company was Huy, he won the project from his crafty father.Since then, thing began to change, Sky fell down in the market and Thanh lost his CEO position and his pride when the press discovered his past. His wife divorced him. He finally found himself and his own redemption when he lost everything. He lived by himself and thought of what he had done. He realized that he was totally controlled by money. He had never had the feeling of peace since he knew about the death of his death’s girlfriend. Two year later, Huy came and let his father know that he would forgive his past. Thanh finally felt he was back to his life with a recovered heart.Similarly, Jeff Henderson in Cooked falls from the most insane richness into the prison to find out the redemption. The cause of JH’s Fall are the concupiscence, misguided success, and denial. However, the Fall is the beginning of a powerful recovery and redemption. His amazing adventure from the forgettable past is inspired by the imprisonment, the will to study and the resolution of to renew his own life. Concupiscence is one of the causes of JH’s Fall. Accordin g to McMahon’s blog Breakthrough Write, concupiscence is defined as the search for happiness based on gratifying pleasure and ego without a moral compass.Slowly going over JH’s life, we can easily symbolize him as the man of concupiscence. First, he gives himself a very reasonable, magnanimous ground which defends that he is pulling his family out of the poverty. Then, things begin to change when he has made so much easy money. With him, money never has the definition of adequateness. JH admits â€Å"he had eights car, each one worth more than $30,000, and it still wasn’t enough† (64). Crack dealing in Hard Head’s eyes is not illegal. He considers himself as a â€Å"businessman† while his job is killing hundreds of people consuming his drug.His so called â€Å"business† brings him a lot of money quickly enough for his awareness of value and labor to disappear. We need to make it clear between the self interest and the concupiscence in JH. More exactly, the positive self interest no longer exists in this man. The concupiscence controls JH in every step he makes when he is an immoral crack dealer. JH tries to satisfy his appetites in many unreasonably spending situations; in fact, his irrational expenditure just makes his demand of money go higher. It also means he is willing to trade more in his crazy so called business.He is a talented man in his business. Unfortunately, he easily lets himself follow the flow of the concupiscence, and the result of his irresponsible acts is the out of control life. Besides the concupiscence, misguided success is also the reason that partly creates the Fall of JH. When he is a little Hard Head he has been taught how to steal by his grandfather (Henderson 13). And one more time, he categorizes his grandfather’s stealing into the knightly acts. He says that â€Å"his grandfather was kind of like Robin Hood† (15).He slowly masters the stealing skills which he complimen ts about it as a proud achievement. We feel sorry for him because he is so deficient in the care of family although he still has father and mother. In fact, he has never lives in the really happy and safe childhood which every kid needs to have. T Row can be considered as the most influential element in forming JH’s characteristics and personality. T has the PhDs in game and he is extremely admired by JH. T is the replacement figure of JH’s ideal father with the weird ridiculous â€Å"homie love†.Like father like son, JH finally graduates from the â€Å"crack dealing institution† of T Row when T is sent to prison. In the book named Freakonomics, the economists discovering the hidden side of facts make a stunning conclusion that drug dealers still live with their moms! (Levitt and Dubner 103). According to their calculation, the foot soldiers like JH earn just $3. 30 an hour, less than the minimum wage (Levitt and Dubner 103). That is the reason why JH wan ts to go his own way. JH desires to become a new professor in the game that T Row is playing which means he will keep moving forward in his criminal activities.Educational misdirection leads Hard Head to the most serious Fall in his life, but he refuse to accept the truth that he is falling down from his insane wealth. He builds himself a thick, stable, undestroyable wall to protect his foolish criminal pride from the warning of his sister Cali Sim and family. He is absolutely insane about his success and tries to exaggerate its value by showing he is not about violence, taking drug or hanging out with gang bangers. He denies the fact that his drug dealing is extreme harmful and mortal.In practice, the victims of his business can be abandoned and addicted babies, neglected children, strung-out fathers, battered mothers, or an addicted young man in a car accident†¦ JH might not know that ninety percent of sentenced crack dealing cases in federal level are black, and he will be o ne of them (Brown). There is no doubt that JH is living in the illusion of insanity which means he is convinced that there is no truth and he is absolutely â€Å"untouchable†. He denies the wakening of his conscience because he is so under the spell of his virtual success and wealth.Being imprisoned is the best way to stop Jeff Henderson’s Fall. This Hard Head is like a bungee guy who has just jumped out of a bridge. He closes his eyes and enjoys the excitement of a free drop. He will never know where the stopping point is if his face is not slapped by the cool, pure and fresh surface of the river. The imprisonment plays a role as this river. It wakes JH up, holds his head and shakes it up. At last, he realizes that he has reached the bottom. Like a bungee jump, the end of the Fall is the beginning of a recovery. In prison, JH experience many unique things which essentially turn him into a new man.He finally knows that he is also vulnerable and helpless when he is stri ped in front of Fed officers (76). The feelings of weakness and lonesome make him keep praying to Jesus. We cannot imagine that Hard Head will cry in hopeless and regret. Crying will not help him out of the detention room, but crying shows us that there is something which stays deep inside this man’s soul is trying to pull him back with the real life. He painfully realizes how toxic his job was when he unintentionally witnesses a prisoner is dying because of a balloon of heroin (115). The fear of himself and his mortal job is rising day by day.The man with the PhD in the game now fully learns the most basic lesson: how far people would go to get high (Henderson 115). His philosophy of life changes to Nihilism which indicates a life without purposes, meaning and intrinsic value. This can be the most dangerous thing for his return because a man living in Nihilism is not different from a man without a soul and mind. It directly ruins his owns life and put a huge bold period for everything. But as we mentioned earlier, JH has PhD in the game, and when he truly finishes the course he is going to come back. Being imprisoned has recalled in JH the will of study.The hurting nineteen and half years punishment turns Anderson in to a totally new man. He learns how to read and to listen. He loses the passion for marriage and love. Instead, he concentrates on cooking; he wants to be a chef. He finally finds the passion which deserves to be pursued. Struggling with a dangerous life in prison helps JH horn his skill in confronting the problems. He is willing to work at the lowest position such as pot and pan room (Henderson 132) to get a change of promotion (Henderson 132). He built up for himself a strong endurance which supports him a lot in winning the popularity in prison and even after being released.He reads more; sometimes, he wondering if the black is dominated by the white. This thought never has a bad influence on him; in fact, it pushes him to study harder, to earn the respects from the people in his life. A determined goal and a resolution to be successful make JH stronger than ever. After the years renewing and training in prison, the fear still follows him like a ghost. His fear is undetermined; he calls it the â€Å"unknown† (Henderson 176). We might wonder if this Hard Head will return to his familiar path of his forgettable past, but we have to admit that his mind is refreshed and his skill day by day becomes more perfect.He is the person who truly knows the real value of cooking. In his point of view, cooking is not only an occupation but also the art of making food and the passion of facing new challenges. In the Cooked, there are at least four times JH move to a new location to pursue his cooking career. His efforts are paid by the prize Las Vegas Buffet Chef of the Year (Henderson 254). In that touching moment, nobody sees in him the figure of the past crack dealer but an impressive returning of a guilty soul.When a d oor is closed, there is always another door open. With JH, the door of the prison is closed behind him, and now he is opening the door which leads him to the world of the most famous chefs. JH would never have the feeling of real success and complete recovery if he had not been stopped by the Fed. His Fall is the result of concupiscence, the misguided success and the denial. Luckily, his life is saved by the imprisonment, his will of study and the resolution of renewing his life. It does not matter if we are black or white.We always have a chance to make a turning point for our life because â€Å"nobody pulled a gun on you to make you commit the crime; you made the choice† (Henderson 171). Works Cited Brown, Joseph H. â€Å"A pointless lament for crack dealer. † Headway 9. 10 (1997) Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. El Camino Coll Lib. , Torrance, CA. 22 Sep, 2009. Henderson, Jeff. Cooked. New York Times Bestseller, 2007. Levitt, Steven and Dubner, Stephen. Freakonomics. New York Times Bestseller, 2005. McMahon, Jeff. â€Å"1A Lesson #1 for Cooked†. Herculodge. typepad. com. July, 2009. El Camino Coll Lib. , Torrance, CA. 22 Sep, 2009.

European Commission’s Approach towards the Article 81 EC Essay

Introduction The objective of Article 81 is to limit restrictive agreements and other modes of complicity between independent firms in horizontal as well as vertical relationships[1]. Some instances of such prohibited practices are, â€Å"price fixing; limiting or controlling production, markets, technical development or investment; sharing markets or sources of supply; applying dissimilar conditions to equivalent transactions; making the conclusion of contracts subject to supplementary obligations that have no connection with the subject of the contracts[2].† Moreover, it is immaterial if Article 81(1)[3] EC is implemented in such a fashion that most of the agreements that curtail economic freedom would be caught without any economic analysis having been performed[4]. The EC has commenced to apply a new economic approach and simultaneously the ECJ has accepted the fact that a proper rule of reason analysis has to be conducted under Article 81(3)[5]. The underlying principle of Article 3(g) of the EC Treaty[6] is to implement ‘a system†¦ [which ensures that] competition in the internal market is not distorted[7].† Prohibition of concerted practices, abuse of a dominant position and state aid is restricted to practices that affect trade between the Member States and ignores practices that influence domestic trade[8]. Nevertheless, Article 81 EC permits anti-competitive practices whose pro-competitive results overshadow their anti-competitive consequences[9].   In the sequel the scope of Article 81 EC has been discussed, in respect of anticompetitive issues. In this regard the substantive laws restricting the anticompetitive effects of markets and the procedural controls like prohibition and exemptions concerning public policy and economic approach have been discussed at length. In this context relevant case laws have been discussed. The contemporary tendency is to restrict competitive agreements. The Commission has implemented a more economic approach by means of the rule of reason in Article 81(1) EC, which has assisted decentralization with regard to the enforcement of Article 81(3) EC[10]. Free Competition In order to ensure free competition in the Single Market, agreements which not only have a significant effect on the trade between the Member States but also prevent, restrict or distort competition in the Single Market are prohibited by Article 81[11]. Article 81 EC contains a list of practices that are usually excluded[12]. These relate mainly to licensing agreements for patents and other intellectual property rights. Competition Law Test In general, the Commission’s exemption policy favours the application of a competition law test. The block exemption on vertical restraints is merely an interchange between curbing intrabrand competition and encouragement of interbrand competition[13]. The European Commission is authorized to remove the advantage of an exemption in respect of agreements that are at variance with Article 81(3)[14]. Vertical Agreements The national authorities can deprive vertical agreements that contravene Article 81(3) of the benefit of exemption.[15] In respect of vertical agreements that restrict competition and include fifty percent or more of a specific market, the Commission will cancel the exemption and apply Article 81(1) in its entirety[16]. Further, in cases of undue advantage of a dominant position, exemption is permitted by Article 82 EC[17]. The agreements pertaining to the supply and distribution of goods comply with the new Block Exemption Regulation[18]. These guidelines and Block Exemption Regulation constitute a competition policy that favours an economic approach rather than a regulatory approach to vertical agreements. This indicates the Commission’s intention to bring its competition rules into play[19]. Formerly the EC had adopted a formalistic approach that had construed any restriction of commercial freedom to be restrictive of competition. Further, the Commission had a monopoly in respect of implementing Article 81(3). Article 81(1) was given a wide interpretation as it had to be enforced uniformly in all the Member States[20]. Article 81 In Mà ©tropole Tà ©là ©vision (M6) et al. v. Commission[21], the Court of First Instance or CFI held that a monetary outlook was necessary as per the provisions of Article 81(3) [22]. The judgement in this case is in conformity with the present outlook of the Commission. This approach is the upshot of the White Paper and the new notice on Article 81(3) EC[23]. In this approach there is a retreat from the formalistic approach. Since, the objective of the new notice is to engender the consumer’s welfare; it requires a substantive analysis of the market in order to determine whether an agreement violates Article 81(1) EC[24]. Article 81(3) rescinds the prohibitions in Article 81(1) if competition exists for a large range of products, the manufacture or allocation of goods, and if technical and economic progress do not show any improvement[25]. Further, decisions of the Commission under Article 2(4) of Regulation 4064/89 result in a balancing exercise[26]. Thus, while applying Article 81 EC the national courts have to perform the competition law test, which is in most of the cases imposed by Article 81(3) EC[27]. In all other instances the national courts can obtain either the Commission’s assistance as per Article 15(1) EC or the ECJ’s assistance as per Article 234 EC[28]. Since, the national courts cannot apply Article 81(3) EC; the ECJ transferred the necessary portions of Article 81(3) EC to Article 81(1) EC[29]. Article 81 EC does not apply to agreements that leave trade between member states unaffected. These agreements are the exclusive domain of the national authorities. This basic test of whether or not interstate trade was affected was dealt with by the E.C.J. in Socià ©tà © Technique Minià ¨re v. Maschinenbau Ulm[30], the E.C.J. held that â€Å"it must be possible to foresee with a sufficient degree of probability on the basis of a set of objective factors of law or of fact that the agreement in question may have an influence, direct or indirect, actual or potential, on the pattern of trade between Member States[31].† Economic Approach The adoption of an economic approach first, ensures that legal provisions are not rendered ineffective due to anti-competitive behaviour[32]. This approach applies a more consistent treatment to the different practices, because a similar treatment is accorded to practices with the same outcome[33]. Second, this approach ensures that the statutory provisions do not achieve an unjustified frustration of competitive strategies[34]. Hence, a competition policy approach that recognizes this fact will guarantee the protection of consumers and also encourage increased productivity and growth[35]. The EU competition law has progressed towards a policy that depends on a market centered economy[36] and in 2004 an enforcement procedure incorporating these considerations was implemented by the European Community. The necessity to adopt an approach that is more economic based to market definition, dominance and abuse has been conceded by the European Commission. Undertakings with a market share in excess of fifty percent can easily establish that they are not dominating the market and this stance has been accepted by the Commission[37]. Daimler Chrysler secured a highly significant reduction of the fines imposed on it by the Commission for alleged infringements of Art.81 on the German, Spanish and Belgian car market in 2001[38]. The CFI annulled two of the three findings of infringements, which resulted in a reduction of the fine from â‚ ¬ 71.8 million to â‚ ¬ 9.8 million[39]. Since, Daimler Chrysler was unable to establish that its Belgian subsidiary had acted independently; the CFI did not annul the decision to fine Daimler Chrysler[40]. In this case the Commission had labeled three of the Daimler Chrysler agreements as being anti competitive. The CFI set aside two of these allegations and upheld only one of them[41], thereby indicating that competitive agreements had been prohibited. In Tetra Laval v. Commission, the Commission prohibited the merger of Sidel SA and Tetra Laval BV. Sidel was a manufacturer of stretch blow moulding machines used for packaging liquid foods in plastic. Tetra was a dominant company in the carton-packaging market operating through a related company[42]. The Commission considered the merger of Tetra Laval and Sidel to be anti competitive and prohibited it; however, the CFI disagreed with the Commission and permitted the merger. Although, Article 81(3) permits the elimination of competition Vis – a – Vis a significant number of products, the application of Article 82[43] cannot be frustrated by Article 81(3) [44]. Moreover, not all the restrictive agreements entered into by a dominant undertaking represent the abuse of its dominant position[45]. The exemptions under Article 81(3) are contained in block exemption regulations;[46] and their standardization gains automatic exemption if the joint market share is less than twenty five percent and the agreement conform to the requirements of the joint R&D block exemption regulation[47]. In the context of a new product or a product in which the participating companies do not compete, the block exemption’s validity exists even above the twenty five percent ceiling for the duration of the standard setting and subsequently for seven years[48].  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      Prohibition of Competition Agreements One of the difficulties faced by Community law is to restrict intra brand competition (or competition among retailers or distributors of the same brand) by means of territorial distinctiveness, without restricting parallel trade. Of these restrictions the most important are those that create territorial restrictions[49]. Moreover, a distributor might enter into an exclusive distribution agreement solely â€Å"for the purpose of obtaining absolute territorial protection in order to ensure protection from free riders and safeguard investment in the promotion of the product[50].† This protection is essential for launching a new product which requires more promotion than an established product. Moreover, insufficient protection may prevent the distributor from deploying the product with the result that the product may not make an entry into the market[51]. In the absence of territorial protection some distribution agreements cannot be established, for instance, in Societe la Technique Miniere[52], the Court held that a term bestowing territorial distinctiveness on a distributor would not violate Article 81(1), if it was essential for the distributor to market a producer’s product[53]. Even though, the Commission is conscious of the commercial necessity for territorial protection, it has never accepted that the aim of territorial restrictions is to assist pro competitive agreements. The Commission while permitting partial territorial exclusivity will not endure the hindrance to parallel imports, even if the agreements granting unconditional territorial protection may augment inter – brand competition, and consequently help in the assimilation of markets within the community[54]. In the Wouters case, there was a disagreement between competition rules and non competition goals. Further, harmonizing amid competition rules are absent in both Articles 81(1) and 81(3) EC[55]. If suitable conditions are present Article 81 EC can be matched against public interest concern. Since, Article 81(1) and 81(3) did not attach sufficient importance to the protection of the legal profession’s freedom it was undermined[56]. Consten and Grundig[57] established proscription on the formation of an unqualified territorial defense. Such a stringent approach has been implemented because these restrictions could prevent the development of the internal market by isolating the national markets. Moreover, the Community Authorities want to ensure that some manner of parallel trade is preserved by means of passive sales that originate outside the contract area. In case of vertical agreements total territorial protection is banned and the Court has assumed a moderate approach in less restrictive territorial limitations[58]. The fact remains that even the vertical agreements regulation is unable to distinguish between active sales and passive sales, which are not to be banned[59]. The guidelines have made it clear that selective distribution agreements could result in an increase in intra brand competition and eliminate access to markets[60]. However, selective distribution agreements could augment inter brand competition or competition based on brands or labels. Since, the sales staff are to be given relevant training there will be an increase in after sales services, the servicing of guarantees, etc[61]. The relevant case law in respect of selective distributive agreements has been accused of being intricate, contradictory and perplexing and it has rendered the task of concluding whether an agreement infringes Article 81(1). Moreover, confusion prevails in respect of the products that validate selective distribution[62]. Vertical restraints are constraints on the freedom of behaviour for undertakings resulting from a vertical agreement. Although, vertical restraints prevent, restrict or distort competition they also engender efficiency improvements. Hence, the resultant economic effect is unclear[63]. Conclusion Competition is one of the most important factors that elicit a faster growing, consumer-oriented European economy[64]. In this context, â€Å"†¦The Commission has to adopt clear guidelines and binding legislation in order to secure the legal certainty of the undertakings that have to operate under the EC Competition Law Framework[65].† The uniformity in interpreting and applying competition rules are essential for legal certainty which is necessary to decentralize EC competition law[66]. At present an inordinate delay takes place, â€Å"from the time a potential claimant is subjected to anti-competitive agreement or practice till it is brought before the national court, question to the ECJ are formulated and a reply is received, and the national court eventually rules on the issue[67].† It would benefit everyone if both policy and lawmakers study the American experience that reveals that legal certainty cannot be ensured by, â€Å"leaving it up to the parties in trials before the courts[68].† In this manner it can be seen that despite the European Commission’s approach to Article 81 involving a greater use of sensible economic analysis, too many agreements which are anti-competitive are still prohibited. The foregoing analysis reveals that a significant number of competitive agreements are being prohibited due to decentralization and a narrow approach that favours public interest and economic policy. Bibliography Books    Albors – Llorens, Albertina. 2002. EC Competition Law and Policy. Willan Publishing. P. 18. ISBN: 1903240743. Dabbah, Maher M. 2004. EC and UK Competition Law: Commentary, Cases and Materials. Cambridge University Press. P. 56. ISBN: 0521604680. Mac Culloch, Angus and Rodger, Barry J. 2004. Competition Law and Policy in the EC and UK. Routledge Cavendish. ISBN: 185941933X. 139, 191, 192, 195. Stuyck, Julien, Gilliams, Hans and Ballon, Elke. 2002. Modernisation of European Competition Law: The Commission’s Proposal for a New Regulation.P. 55 -56. ISBN: 9050952224. Tillotson, John and Foster, Nigel G. 2003. Text, Cases & Materials on European Union Law 4/E. Routledge Cavendish. P 407. ISBN  : 1859417779.       Journals and Working Papers       Article 81. Official Journal of the European Communities. Consolidated version of the treaty establishing the European Union. 24.12.2002. C 325/64. Retrieved from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/en/treaties/dat/12002E/pdf/12002E_EN.pdf       Bourgeois and Bocken. Guidelines on the Application of Article 81(3) of the EC Treaty or How to Restrict a Restriction. 32 Legal Issues of Economic Integration 111 (2005), pp. 112-113. Brusick, Philippe; Alvarez, Ana Maria and Cernat, Lucian. Competition Provisions in Regional Trade Agreements: How to Assure Development Gains. Chapter IX Modernization of the European System. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). 2005. United Nations Publication. Symbol No. UNCTAD/DITC/CLP/2005/1. p. 284.    Goldschmidt, Peter I.B and Lanz, Christoph. Maybe Definitely – Definitely Maybe? EC Competition Law – Is the time ripe for reform? European Institute of Public Administration. EIPASCOPE 2/2001. Retrieved from http://www.eipa.nl/cms/repository/eipascope/scop2001_2_2.pdf Kallaugher, John and Weitbrecht, Andreas. 2006. Developments under Articles 81 and 82 EC – the Year 2005 in Review. C.L.R. Issue 3. p. 139, 143.  © Sweet & Maxwell and Contributors. Komninos, Assimakis P. 2005. Non – competition Concerns: Resolution of Conflicts in the Integrated Article 81 EC. The University of Oxford Centre for Competition Law and Policy. Working Paper (L) 08/05. Pp. 3, 5, 10. Retrieved from http://www.competition-law.ox.ac.uk/lawvle/users/ezrachia/CCLP%20L%2008-05.pdf

Principles of Health and Social Care Practice Essay - 2

Principles of Health and Social Care Practice - Essay Example Promoting effective communication (the ability to communicate with colleagues and service users) is a vital portion of being a care worker. Acknowledging individuals personal identities and beliefs is very important. In a multicultural and a multi ethnic society, it is important and fair that care workers are aware of cultural differences of people, respect them and assist keep their individual identities. 1.2 The procedures that are adopted in ABC Care Home.It is always the responsibility of the staff to keep the procedures to guard the health and social care users. They have the responsibility to guard clients, the public, patients and colleagues from the peril of harm (Basford & Oliver, 2011, p.101).   They should work precisely so that they can be in a position to guard them from harm. They should see to it that their behavior does not place patients and clients at peril; even they must be concerned about their health aspect as well. They have to guard the consumers of the serv ices from safety and health issue, to guard the disable, people’s right from illness and infection and from abuse (create a harmless environment). The safety and health work dangers at ABC can be in form of a wet or slippery flow, rearrangement of furniture and equipment, hanging electric wires, dirty facilities and sharing of objects that may contribute to infection (Alcock, May, & Rowlingson, 2008, p.72). It is always the responsibility of the staff to keep the procedures to guard the health and social care users.

Observation paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Observation paper - Essay Example Olive Garden has an organizational culture that emphasizes family values and continuous employee growth. Martin (2002) defined organizational culture as composed of different manifestations, including stories, rituals, practices, language, and physical arrangements (as cited in Keyton, 2011, p.20). As an employee of Olive Garden, the student has firsthand experience of what it is. In terms of stories, employees talk about their family at work and their work with their families because that is what Olive Garden wants to achieve- a sense of family bonding within the company. The organization’s rituals are composed of daily operations, including keeping the place clean and homey and the guests delighted and satisfied with the service, ambiance, and food. Olive Garden wants to make guests feel that they are just dining at home, so the atmosphere is quite casual, although it has employees that serve food and take care of customers. As for the company’s formal practices, empl oyees are well-trained to provide excellent customer service. All of them are hired because of their smile and ability to be patient and friendly toward customers. Olive Garden restaurants usually have good locations and tend to be jam-packed. Servers are trained to remain patient and accommodating even during these times. Informal practices include managers who check on the quality of service of employees and customers’ satisfaction levels and servers who go the extra mile to please clients. The jargon of the company is a mix of Italian and American words that employees use with one another. These words emphasize working together, especially during peak time. The physical arrangement of the restaurants is arranged to accommodate small and large groups, including families. The layout is spacious, and so it is normal to see young kids running around. Olive Garden is not perfect though, and it has some management problems. First, because of the â€Å"family† culture, som e managers tend to have favorites. These favorites are given more flexible (or the most sought after) schedules and busy stations where tips are most likely to be received. Second, the pay is good but not competitive and opportunities for promotion are limited. Some of those who have been loyal to Olive Garden have left because they want career advancement, but not all are given the opportunity to move up. Several think that Olive Garden is not as â€Å"family-like† as it wants to be. Some employees are not supporting each other too, so a few servers end up doing more work than others. To resolve these problems, four recommendations are offered. First, the management must lead through ensuring that the vision is alive in the company through providing fair treatment to all employees. The vision of the company emphasizes the improvement of the quality of lives of internal and external customers and this cannot be achieved when favoritism is present. Zacarro and Banks asserted t hat leaders must be able to use the organizational mission and vision for setting collection action (Gill, 2011, p.104). To influence

Target Market Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Target Market - Assignment Example IKEA doesn’t just provide its clientele with high quality, low cost furniture; they also offer their clients delicious food from their restaurant, and provide transportation for larger items. IKEA’s in store revenue has been inclining quite steadily, and there has been a 9.8% increase on their online retail store, a 7.4% increase on online furniture category sales and a 2.9% increase in its total furniture sales throughout all their distribution channels (Fig 1). In order for IKEA to keep growing, and remain competitive is to provide a service that is readily available to the majority of the market, that service can be easily made available as a mobile and tablet application. As part of the New IKEA Virtual Furniture Application, our team intends to integrate: the whole online catalogue (approx. 10,000 products), BESTA Planner (which is a feature on the IKEA website that allows the customer to design the colour, style and format of any of IKEA’s furniture’ s), Create Cozy (which is another feature on the IKEA website that lets you design the layout of a room), ability to input dimensions (this feature will allow the customer to input the dimensions of their wall/room in order to distinguish if a piece of furniture is too large for that section of the room, see (Fig 3.)) The application will come in bended with a new feature called Draw Furniture which allows the customer to draw their own furniture and decide its dimensions and colours, and the feature will automatically select the closest furniture (from its online catalogue) that matches the dimensions and style of the furniture drawn. If the furniture drawn does not have any matches, IKEA will promptly build it upon payment. (See Fig below for preview) The Android OS Smartphones are currently dominating the Smart Phone Market Share at 36% and the Apple I-OS is at 27% total market share (Fig 2). Now Windows Mobile is only just reaching 10%, but they’re mobile phones are incre asing in processor speeds and storage space which will have a major increase in its future users. The IKEA will be made a multi-platform application making it available to the Android OS, Apple I-OS and the Windows Smart Phones, making it available to a total of 74% of the total Smart Phone Market. A rental scheme will also be introduced for selected customers by making selected mobile smart phones and tablets available to rent to enhance the shopping experience and promote loyalty towards IKEA and also a way of goodwill from IKEA. Competition Our investigation has specified that there are currently no other retail applications offering all of their online features in an Application. Harvey Norman is in the process of developing an application that allows the customer to select a particular product such as kitchen-ware, furniture and other appliances but does provide all of their online features in the application itself. There are also a few interior decorating applications but the se do not offer the inbuilt purchasing capability that IKEA does. The IKEA Virtual Furniture Application is a one stop shop for any consumer looking to purchase furniture. Value Curve The value curve helps to understand what features a customer see will add value to their experience; in this case the curve compares in-store purchases, online purchases and the IKEA Virtual Fu

Competitive Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Competitive Strategy - Essay Example The offshoot is that film companies or online retail sites such as Amazon.com can afford to analyze each consumer data and provide specific services and product characteristics that meet his profile requirements. The processes involved take a few seconds to finish due to the sheer speed of today's broadband technology. The data generated by Internet technology allows movie distributors to tailor their offerings according to several variables such as the demand, the availability, popularity, and other factors that are revealed in the individual client data. It has become easier, hence, for film companies to introduce price formation, price differentiation and price bundling (Meier and Stormer 2009, 21). The efficacy of the Internet as a film-selling platform is underscored by the research that found about 121 million Internet users per month streamed or downloaded video in the United States back in 2007 and that this was expected to swell to 165 million by 2011 (Plunkett 2009). Anothe r important dimension to e-commerce is the benefit brought about by the digitalization of films. As films are compressed into digital files, Internet users can download them easily besides buying hard copies such as those in DVD and Blu-ray formats. As a result film distributors can now offer different products and could package films either for sale, for rent or for subscription (OPEC 2009, 45).

Human Resources Management Journal summary and analysis Research Paper

Human Resources Management Journal summary and analysis - Research Paper Example The article discusses that the mechanical failure was not attributed to the product design, onboard computers or faulty machines but the failure occurred due to the inefficiency of the employees. The employees failed to perform as per the expectations of the managers. Factors like improper training and faulty mechanization process were also the cause behind the product failure (Sullivan, 2010). The root cause of the error caused by employees, which led to the corporate catastrophe, could be the result of faulty human resource process. The employees at Toyota had received improper training for the particular assignment. Toyota follows the four step cycle which includes plan, do, check and act but clearly in this case the manager did not focus on the last two phases. The training to the employees was not effective and moreover the managers and the employees were not ready to take the accountability of the fault. Improper training and development can decrease the employee performance an d have a negative impact on the employee behaviour. The managers of the Toyota should have taken the accountability for the incident and conducted a review meeting with the employees responsible for the product design. If the managers of the company had taken responsibility and apologized publicly then the brand image would not have been tarnished to a large extent. The managers of Toyota should conduct a meeting with the car design team and the engineers of Toyota for their new car model. The management at Toyota should lay emphasis on two key elements like scrutiny of design and ensuring that the employees have thorough product knowledge. Article 2 Figure 2: Wal Mart Gender Biasedness Incident (Source: Biskupic, 2011) Summary The article focuses on the gender discrimination faced by the women employees working in Wal Mart. The women employees of USA had filed suit against the company in April, 2011 claiming that the management of the company promoted the male workers at a less sen iority position over the women employees at a senior position. The women employees even claimed that they were paid less and were denied promotions. It was also pointed out that the women employees were denied training which would help in advancement in their career (Biskupic, 2011). Analysis Discrimination by an employer on the basis of the gender is not only unlawful but promotes negative working environment. It is one of the crucial contemporary human resources challenges faced by most of the organizations. In the year 2004 it was claimed by an US district judge that there were disparities in the payment of the women and men employees working in WalMart. Gender discrimination not only promotes a negative and hostile work environment but also reduces the employee performance. WalMart should have clearly communicated the human resource policies designed for women employees and also addressed to their needs and demands. The management of WalMart should have implemented policies for the betterment of the women employees like prevention of discrimination at pay, sexual harassment and offensive behaviour (Lepak, 2009). Implementation and clear communication of the human resource policies for women would not only help the women employees to increase their organizational commitment but would also promote a congenial work

Industrial Placement Report Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Industrial Placement Report - Case Study Example It comprises of work orders, scheduling, service requirements, data collection, parts and inventory management, and forecasting of parts and inventory needs. When a piece of manufacturing equipment needs regular servicing, that task automatically appears on a list of work to be done, and a plant technician will perform the work, making a note in the system that it was done, by whom, and when. Engineering department is also recording all variations in production and quality and organizes the remedial actions. I work in the packaging department ( the Department.) In this report 1) I shall give my view, both, on the Department side and on the production (i.e. manufacturing) side of the Company. I will discuss three important elements of a successful operation of any pharmaceutical firm: Quality Assurance (QA), Safety procedures (SP) and, above all, Information Technology. As Information Technology (IT) and automation is involved in virtually every production and quality assurance (QA) process, I shall mention the IT role in individual processes as I will keep describing them further on in this report. The Company produces only tablets and capsules. A high degree of automation exists in the production side of the Company. ... These finished chemicals are combined and processed further in mixing machines. The mixed ingredients may then be mechanically capsulated, pressed into tablets. Our part of the ( packaging) Department works only with tablets, but the Company produces capsules as well. The workers in the Company fall into one of two occupational groups: Production workers who operate drug-producing equipment, inspect products, and install, maintain, and repair production equipment; and transportation and material moving workers who package and transport the drugs. This is the role of our Department. Generally, I can characterize the technology in our Department as being medium-automated. Since the Company has three tablet-producing, fully automated, lines, we are packaging three different types of tablets.For that, our part of the Department has three packaging lines, each consisting of one blister packing machine, one cartoner and an overwrapper. These three units are all connected into a series. The inputs into this three-machine series are: tablets, cartons and leaflets and at the end, as output, comes packaged product, already in cartons with proper labels attached. Then we further pack the cartons into outerboxes. 3. Good Manufacturing and Production Practices There are several major items that we see important in our work space: Generally, working conditions in pharmaceutical plants are better than those in most other manufacturing plants. In the Company, there is a stress on keeping equipment and work areas clean because of the danger of contamination. We work in air-conditioned, well lighted, and quiet place. Health and safety regulations ( to be discussed later in

Visitation to a Womans Health Facility Assignment

Visitation to a Womans Health Facility - Assignment Example It also offers sex education to these women. Planned Parenthood has an experience of more than 100 years in promoting the health and well being of women (Parenthood, 2014). Furthermore, it is guided by the principle that everybody has a right and duty to make an independent and informed decision about family planning, sex, and their health. Boro Hall Centre is part of the Planned Parenthood clinics. The vision of the health care organization is to help people make informed decisions about their sexuality, family planning, and health care. Most of its target customers are women. Because the health care organization operates in virtually all the states of America, serving a diverse community, the following are the mission of the health care organization (Johnson and Lambert, 2010), The main leaders of the organization are women. The Chairman of the entire organization is Alexis McGill Johnson. She has extensive experience in the fields of academia, social activism, and politics. She greatly understands the opportunities and challenges that Planned Parenthood faces, as a health care institution, and fundraising organization. She has an interest in improving the lives of young women. This is by making it possible for them to have an access to quality and affordable health care. Ms Cecile Richards is the head of the organization, and she is responsible for rolling out programs aimed at catering for the health care needs of women (Johnson and Lambert, 2010). Most of the visitors at the Boro Hall are women, and teenage girls. The Boro Hall facility gives advice to women on the better family planning services available to them. The organization further carries out pregnancy tests, and it has delivery units, where pregnant women are allowed to deliver. This center also provides educational services. This is with the aim of teaching teens and young women on relationships, sex, and sexuality (Johnson and

Setting Up a Network at a New Office Essay Example for Free

Setting Up a Network at a New Office Essay 1.1 General Setting up a new network at a new office will require the purchase of new workstations, installing a new server, or implementing network security and virus protection systems network wide. LC Comm primary goal is to translate the technology needs of your building into an industry standard solution that produces clear, tangible results for the business. It is also my goal to educate and help you understand some of the more technical aspects of your network upgrade by putting it into a simple, easy to comprehend. Network planning and network upgrades performed will follow the accepted best practices of successful installations. This process and my exclusive 100+ point project checklist ensures consistent results with zero or minimal disruption to your office during the course of the network planning, network upgrade, server installation or new computer installation. Since I place my highest values on consistent, reliable solutions for the long-term happiness and productivity of your office, you can feel confident I will only recommend proven network planning and network upgrades that will accomplish these goals and not those that are the coolest or newest at the time. An IT project is an endeavor with a definitive timeline (start date and end date) during which specific goals and objectives are met. Projects occur in addition to the regular maintenance of your network and technology equipment, and often emerge as a result of issues discovered during regular maintenance. 1.2 General Scope of Work LC Comm. proposes to produce contract specifications and construction drawings for all building spaces as well as the communications cabling system. This will include the plan views of all equipment rooms, labs, MDF/IDFs and the elevation views of equipment racks and cabinets. In general, this includes the following: 1.2.1Participation in the design process. LC Comm will work with the Customer to validate space requirements and produce electrical and mechanical program requirements for all computer room and telecommunications facilities and equipment. This includes CAD plan drawings of computer room and telecommunications room equipment. It also includes CAD elevation drawings of the network and server cabinets. As a participant in the design team, these requirements and drawings will be  conveyed to the architects and engineers for inclusion into the schematic drawings, the design development drawings and finalized in the construction documents. 1.2.2 Assist Customer in designing the local and wide-area networking requirements. This includes any high-speed lines that will be required in the new main site and other locations. Full back up and redundancy is assumed. 1.2.3 Assist Customer in placing all computer and network equipment on the drawings. 1.2.4Production of the building communications cabling systems requirements as may be required. These include the data structured cabling system for the building, bus tag cable design should a large mainframe be involved and inter-cabinet cabling systems between the network and server cabinets. 2.0Specific Scope of Work 2.1Schematic Design 2.1.1Validate all space requirements for the technical areas associated with the data center complex. This includes but is not limited to the following: †¢Computer equipment area †¢Operations console area †¢Disk farm and tape robots †¢Network area †¢Server area †¢Printer and paper storage areas †¢Staging areas †¢Environmental systems on or under the raised floor area †¢Technical support areas outside of the raised floor area †¢Meeting rooms †¢Storage spaces 2.1.2Participate in the design and data gathering process to determine, produce or participate in the following: †¢Rough draft of computer and network equipment layouts †¢Discussion of adjacency requirements for the data center operating areas †¢Participate in discussions to determine facility design requirements †¢Participate in meetings to determine what computer and network equipment will be acquired for the new data center †¢Development of preliminary high-level project schedule with milestones. †¢Data gathering for communications and network cabling requirements †¢Data gathering of  environmental requirements for computer and network equipment that will be in the raised floor and telecommunications facilities. (Power and Cooling Profile) †¢Gather requirements for telecom grounding requirements †¢Identify MDF and cable entrance areas †¢Identify fiber and cable provider vaults on or near property †¢Begin early draft of communications cabling specification †¢Participate in discussions on redundancy of environmental systems and the elimination of any single point-of-failure †¢Participate in discussions on disaster recovery and business resumption 2.1.3 Participate in discussions to identify design requirements for the telecom fiber and copper entrance cables. 2.1.4 Participate in scheduled and ad hoc meetings as may be required to produce required deliverables. Meet with vendors as may be required. 2.1.5 Document technical meetings and discussions. Reproduce and distribute documentation. 2.2 Design Development 2.2.1 Finalize plan view of equipment layouts for MIS, IT, network, server, telecommunications and PBX systems 2.2.2 Finalize detailed environmental requirements for all MIS, IT, network, server, telecommunications and PBX systems 2.2.3 Produce final draft of the communications and network cabling specifications. This includes and custom specifications for cable runway, network cabinets, under floor fiber cable tray systems 2.2.4 Produce final draft of telecom grounding requirements 2.2.5 Produce final draft of project schedule with milestones 2.2.6Produce draft of network and server cabinet elevation drawings 2.2.7 Produce draft electrical panel breaker assignments for Electrical Engineer 2.2.8 Participate in scheduled and ad hoc meetings as may be required to produce required deliverables. Meet with vendors as may be required. 2.2.9 Document technical meetings and discussions. Reproduce and distribute documentation 2.3 Construction Documents 2.3.1Finalize all construction specifications for the following: †¢Structured communications cabling system. Includes RFQ †¢Telecommunications entrance facilities †¢Inter-connecting cabling system for the network and server cabinets †¢Cable runway for PBX (MDF) and IDF areas †¢Under floor cable tray for fiber cables 2.3.2 Finalize construction drawings for the following: †¢Structured communications cabling system. Includes elevations telecom racks in the MDF and IDF areas. Includes instructions for seismic bracing †¢Telecommunications entrance facilities. Includes fiber mux areas †¢Inter-connecting cabling system for the network and server cabinets. Includes elevation drawings showing connecting hardware and equipment in the network and server cabinets †¢Cable runway for PBX (MDF) and IDF areas †¢Under floor cable tray for fiber cables 2.3.3 Participate in scheduled and ad hoc meetings as may be required to produce required deliverables. Meet with vendors as may be required. 2.3.4 Document technical meetings and discussions. Reproduce and distribute documentation. 2.4 Bidding and Negotiation 2.4.1 Attend bid conferences and walkthroughs as may be required. 2.4.2 Respond to RFIs as may be necessary 2.4.3 Produce specification or drawing modifications as may be required 2.5 Construction Administration 2.5.1 Walk job site periodically. Observe and comment on construction of equipment and network facilities. Produce documentation where required 2.5.2 Participate in architectural and construction project meetings where required

Self-Awareness in Childcare

Self-Awareness in Childcare Introduction: In this report the author discusses the importance of self-awareness, effective interpersonal skills and the rights of the child all within an ECCE setting. It also outlines how important it is to communicate effectively with children, families of the children and work colleagues. It gives examples of effective teamwork and how to maintain a quality ECCE environment that complies with the regulations and standards of à istear. The Importance of Self Awareness and Effective Interpersonal Skills in an ECCE setting: Self-Awareness is important within an ECCE setting as it allows you as a childcare practitioner to know your weaknesses, strengths, personality, beliefs, and also allows you to reflect on different situations. You will be looked up to by children from all different age groups and you need to be a good role model and have the realisation of when to change the mood or maybe even your body language to suit the current environment. Through using self-awareness techniques it allows you to look at yourself through other people’s eyes and then to maybe make changes about yourself to suit your professional role within the ECCE setting. Self-awareness is crucial as how you handle yourself when dealing with children will slightly differ to how you represent yourself when dealing with their parents or colleagues. Interpersonal Skills play a big factor within an ECCE setting as it is a key role of all childcare practitioners. To be able to communicate effectively with children, parents and colleagues makes the job in hand easier to achieve. Some valuable steps to having good interpersonal skills are: Always smile as this gives off good energy and makes people comfortable and happy to be in your company. Always try to be positive and encouraging with all people within the workplace i.e. with children and adults. Ensure to take time to listen and observe peoples behaviours or actions, this will enable you to get to know and understand people on a more personal level. Always try to inject a fun atmosphere within an ECCE setting as this gives an overall feel good factor and makes the environment a more enjoyable place. The Rights of the child in the context of an ECCE setting: The United Nations convention on the rights of the child legislation came about in recognition of the importance for children to be respected and valued. This piece of legislation helps us require a recommended standard within the ECCE setting. The following will outline some examples: To maintain children’s right to privacy and dignity always ensure when changing a child’s nappy to do so within the private nappy changing area or if a child should have a toilet accident always make sure to cover them up be as discreet as possible to avoid embarrassment and maintain the child’s dignity. This links in with the UNCRC legislation article 16 which says that children have the right to privacy. Maintaining safety within the ECCE setting is a very crucial step and is carried out in many different ways through door buzzers, CCTV systems, following the recommended child to adult ratio and Garda vetting of all staff. This links in with article 19 within the UNCRC legislation which states all children should be properly cared for. Any disabled child joining an ECCE setting should have their needs catered for and be able to participate freely and independently within the setting. E.g. if a child is in a wheel chair the childcare setting should ensure everything is easy accessible and at the child’s level so he/she can use facilities and toys at their leisure. This links in with article 23 in the UNCRC legislation. Communicating effectively with the children, family and colleagues: Most childcare practitioners realise the importance of having a good relationship with a Childs parents. Working with, involving and informing parents in the daily activities of their children helps to stabilise a good relationship and partnership between both parties. We should always ensure to make parents feel welcome through having parent days and informing them of milestones and progression with their children we can implement this through parent teacher meetings to set down a specific allocated time to discuss the child’s development. Communication with the child/children within the ECCE setting is our number one priority as the child is our main concern so looking out for their health and safety, their happiness and over all well-being is crucial. To ensure a high quality level of communication is enforced it is up to us to always listen to a child with our ears as well as our eyes, to always come down to their level when speaking to them and most important to make sure they feel comfortable and safe in your presence. Communicating with your work colleagues is a must as everyone needs to know what everyone else is doing to ensure a smooth running of the centre. It is up to each childcare practitioner to have a good understanding of the workplace rules and polices so everyone is inflicting the same polices throughout. This can be done through filling out forms accurately and always ensuring to inform your colleagues of any major incidents like if a child falls or you have administered a child with medicine. Examples of effective teamwork: Administering Medication is one example where teamwork within the ECCE setting is essential as if you do not communicate with your team members that you have administered a child with their medication the dosage and the time you administered the medication it could lead to a child being over dosed or not getting the correct amount at the correct time. Planning an outing within the ECCE setting involves a lot of teamwork and planning. Through teamwork everyone knows what is expected of them and their role throughout the outing to ensure all of the children’s safety and well-being needs are catered for. Team members will be involved in the issuing of permission slips, booking a bus, ensuring the correct child- adult ratio is enforced and maybe a bit of brainstorming on the events that will take place on the day. Putting an End of Year Concert together also involves a lot of teamwork as everyone will work together to pick out roles, costumes, music and themes for the children. There will be informing of the concert to the families of the children involved. Then there will be ensuring that the concert runs according to plan in accordance with the concert programme. The team members will be on hand to help or reassure the children throughout the performance. Child protection cases that may arise is one great advantage when it comes to teamwork. This allows you to gather information and relay it back to your team members where they in turn will give you their opinion or advice on the situation and then as a team ye will make a collective decision on what action if any is needed. Maintain a quality ECCE environment that complies with relevant regulations and standards: Here are a few examples of how to maintain a quality ECCE environment using à istear regulations and standards: By organising a simple activity by where a child uses sand to draw shapes, numbers and pictures allows the child to communicate through play and through the use of their imagination. Then to get the child thinking about what they drew get them to explain their picture while asking questions that will get them to think how their picture relates to life and how people can read and understand their picture through the use of visual senses as well as language. This links in with à istear’s communicating theme aim 3 and learning goal 3 which states â€Å"children will broaden their understanding of the world by making sense of experiences through language. Another good and interesting activity to do with children that would make them aware of nature and also of well-being would be to make bird feeders with pieces of string allowing the child the tread through pieces of food e.g. blueberries, cheerio’s, etc. and allow the child to put the feeder out for the birds to eat. This creates great interest in animals and the need to look after them an also gives them a good example of why different foods especially fruit is good. This links with à istear’s principle of learning and developing within a holistic need for children. By getting the children to participate in a family wall chart or birthday chart links in with à istear’s theme identity and belonging aim 2 which states â€Å"children will have a sense of identity, where links with their family and community are acknowledged and extended. Conclusion: In this report the author states the importance of self-awareness and effective interpersonal skills along with the rights of the child within an ECCE setting. Notes the importance of effective communication with children, families and colleagues. Gives examples of effective team work and how to maintain a quality ECCE environment that complies with relevant regulations and standards of à istear. Bibliography: Early Education and Practice Handbook. (2015). Creative Training. google. (2015, may 29). google books. Retrieved from www.googlebooks.ie: https://www.google.ie/search?tbm=bkshl=enq=google+books+on+selfawareness= NCCA. (2015, 06 4). NCCA. Retrieved from www.ncca.ie: http://www.ncca.ie/en/Curriculum_and_Assessment/Early_Childhood_and_Primary_Education/Early_Childhood_Education/Aistear_Toolkit/

Evolution of the Characters in Alice Walkers Color Purple Essay

Evolution of the Characters in The Color Purple    The most important aspect of The Color Purple is the growth and maturity of each individual. There is a huge transition of many of the characters from the beginning to the end of the novel.   This evolution of the characters is a recurring theme that runs throughout the novel and can be tracked by Celie’s letters.   The women struggle   for freedom in a society where they are inferior to men.   Towards the end of the novel one can sense the slow evolution towards the increasing empowerment of women. The strongest example of women’s empowerment is Celie’s character.   She’s a victim of racism, men, sexual roles, and social injustices.   Celie begins the novel completely powerless, repeatedly raped and beaten.   The only person she can turn to is G-d.   She is extremely disempowered by sex.   Celie describes sex as something that is done to her, but never as something that she enjoys.   Thus, sex with Mr.____ reduces her status to that of an object that lies there and waits for it to be over.   The turning point in Celie’s life is the arrival of Shug Avery, who teaches her things she never would have known.   Her arrival first places Celie at the low point of her life because now, along with everything else, she becomes a servant to Shug.   What she didn’t know was that Shug’s arrival actually acts as a catalyst to her own empowerment.   Celie says, â€Å"For the first time in my life, I feel just right.† Shug Avery is very different from most of the character’s portrayed in the novel.   She’s much stronger then most of the women and stands up for what she believes.   Shug definitely wasn’t the typical woman of those times.   She was a figure representing female blues performers such a... ...nd obeys Harpo just like Celie behaves and it’s so obvious that Celie is even able to notice it.   She tells Squeak, â€Å"Make Harpo call you by your real name† but Squeak has no response and just looks at Celie puzzled.   When Squeak is first introduced in the novel as Harpo’s girlfriend she gets her front teeth knocked out by Sophia.   After this she still stays with Harpo.   Furthermore, she even goes to the mayor to support Sophia and attempt to get her out of prison.   After being raped by the mayor, Squeak declares to everyone, â€Å"My name Mary Agnes.†Ã‚   She is able to recuperate and bounce back from her uncle raping her rather than be defeated.   She asserts herself as an individual and stipulates respect by insisting she be called by her real name. Works Cited 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.lambda.net/~maximum/rainey.html 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Bessie Smith collection

Scientific Materalism v. Crime and Punishment Essay examples -- Litera

Author of Crime and Punishment, Feodor Dostoevsky, uses the text to subtly exhibit factors which aid in disproving the idea of scientific materialism. He aims to prove that there must be another explanation for our complexities, unlike the opposing one in which everything is believed to be made or conducted by matter. Regardless of extensive scientific experimentation, there are still many aspects of the human mind and body that remain unclear. Crime and Punishment relays some extreme qualities possessed by humans which are argued by many to be valid proof of our creation by a higher power. The fact that humans are emotional beings and that emotions are not classified as matter creates the opportunity for philosophical debate. Dostoevsky feeds on this uncertainty and assists in the argument of refuting scientific materialism by providing examples of human emotions such as shame, pity, compassion, love, and guilt. He also attempts to refute scientific materialism by suggesting the existence of a human conscience, free will, self sacrifice, and pure evil. Crime and Punishment revolves around main character, Rodion Romanovich Raskolnikov, and the physical, mental, and spiritual repercussions he endures after he commits murder. In other words, â€Å"the whole novel is built around the unique process of disintegration in the hero's soul† (Bem 2). When we first meet Raskolnikov, we learn he is a relatively young ex-student who has fallen into the poverty stricken slums of St. Petersburg, Russia. He has become unhealthily anti-social and bitter towards humanity and is now trapped within and tortured by his own thoughts. It is revealed that he is struggling internally with the idea of murdering a pawnbroker, Alena Ivanovna, with... ...ter. Web. 11 Apr. 2012. "Crime and Punishment." Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Jessica Bomarito and Russel Whitaker. Vol. 167. Detroit: Gale, 2006. Literature Resource Center. Web. 11 Apr. 2012. Dostoevsky, Feodor. Crime and Punishment. Ed. George Gibian. Trans. Coulson. 3rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1989. Print. Leatherbarrow, William J. "Chapter 4: The Principle of Uncertainty: Crime and Punishment." Fedor Dostoevsky. William J. Leatherbarrow. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1981. Twayne's World Authors Series 636. The Twayne Authors Series. Web. 14 Apr. 2012. Santangelo, Gennaro. "The Five Motives of Raskolnikov." Dalhousie Review 54.4 (Winter 1974): 710-719. Rpt. in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Jessica Bomarito and Russel Whitaker. Vol. 167. Detroit: Gale, 2006. Literature Resource Center. Web. 14 Apr. 2012. Scientific Materalism v. Crime and Punishment Essay examples -- Litera Author of Crime and Punishment, Feodor Dostoevsky, uses the text to subtly exhibit factors which aid in disproving the idea of scientific materialism. He aims to prove that there must be another explanation for our complexities, unlike the opposing one in which everything is believed to be made or conducted by matter. Regardless of extensive scientific experimentation, there are still many aspects of the human mind and body that remain unclear. Crime and Punishment relays some extreme qualities possessed by humans which are argued by many to be valid proof of our creation by a higher power. The fact that humans are emotional beings and that emotions are not classified as matter creates the opportunity for philosophical debate. Dostoevsky feeds on this uncertainty and assists in the argument of refuting scientific materialism by providing examples of human emotions such as shame, pity, compassion, love, and guilt. He also attempts to refute scientific materialism by suggesting the existence of a human conscience, free will, self sacrifice, and pure evil. Crime and Punishment revolves around main character, Rodion Romanovich Raskolnikov, and the physical, mental, and spiritual repercussions he endures after he commits murder. In other words, â€Å"the whole novel is built around the unique process of disintegration in the hero's soul† (Bem 2). When we first meet Raskolnikov, we learn he is a relatively young ex-student who has fallen into the poverty stricken slums of St. Petersburg, Russia. He has become unhealthily anti-social and bitter towards humanity and is now trapped within and tortured by his own thoughts. It is revealed that he is struggling internally with the idea of murdering a pawnbroker, Alena Ivanovna, with... ...ter. Web. 11 Apr. 2012. "Crime and Punishment." Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Jessica Bomarito and Russel Whitaker. Vol. 167. Detroit: Gale, 2006. Literature Resource Center. Web. 11 Apr. 2012. Dostoevsky, Feodor. Crime and Punishment. Ed. George Gibian. Trans. Coulson. 3rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1989. Print. Leatherbarrow, William J. "Chapter 4: The Principle of Uncertainty: Crime and Punishment." Fedor Dostoevsky. William J. Leatherbarrow. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1981. Twayne's World Authors Series 636. The Twayne Authors Series. Web. 14 Apr. 2012. Santangelo, Gennaro. "The Five Motives of Raskolnikov." Dalhousie Review 54.4 (Winter 1974): 710-719. Rpt. in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Jessica Bomarito and Russel Whitaker. Vol. 167. Detroit: Gale, 2006. Literature Resource Center. Web. 14 Apr. 2012.

cold war Essay -- essays research papers

The cold War The Cold War was a response to the perceived threat by the United States that Communism would interfere with national security and economic stakes in the world. It was a perceived threat by communist countries that the United States would take to the world. During the Cold War, the United States, Russia, and other countries made efforts to avoid another world war, while warring in proxy in other lands. The devastation caused by the hydrogen bombs exploded in Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the next technological advancements became only deterrents to the public. Governments had their own agenda which would result in worsening the strain between nations. The United States hid behind a curtain of nationalism resulting in increased hatred and mistrust between the people of the United States and Russia. Noam Chomsky reminds us that Communism is a broad term that includes those with the ability to get control of mass movements. Secretary of State John Foster Dulles once stated that, â€Å"The poor people are the ones they appeal to and they have always wanted to plunder the rich.† So, in one view, the U.S. felt they must be overcome, to protect our doctrine that the rich should ravage the poor. This became another motivation for the Cold War. In his historical account of the events leading to the Cold War, Jacob Heilbrunn reports that after World War II, â€Å"realists†¦ agreed that Soviet aggrandizement was responsible for the cold war.† (Heilbrunn) They felt the reason, rather than Communism, Heilbrunn notes, was that â€Å"Stalin was pursuing Russian national interests that dated back to the czars.† Others, however, accused the president and Congress â€Å"of following a consistent policy of economic imperialism, â€Å" tracing it back to the â€Å"Open Door Diplomacy of the nineteenth century, which outlined â€Å"an insatiable American appetite for new [economic] markets.† (Heilbrunn) Heilbrunn says that Gabriel Kolko also felt th at Roosevelt’s anti-Russia stance was formed to create dominance by the United States in world economic markets. (Heilbrunn) Heilbrunn says that Leffler’s A Preponderance of Power, has become the â€Å"sacred text of the neo-revisionists.† (Heilbrunn) Leffler claims that U.S. security policy was established between 1940 and 1946 based on geopolitics, not economics. Truman was far from fearing a Soviet military attack and was defending American economic stability... ...not easy accomplishments but were satisfied by the constant insistence of the threat of the great enemy. This phase has ended, but conflicts continue. The Soviet Union may have called off the war, but the U.S. is continuing as before, even more freely with Soviet obstruction a thing of the past. George Bush celebrated the symbolic end of the Cold War, the fall of the Berlin Wall, by immediately invading Panama and announcing that the U.S. would overturn Nicaragua’s election by maintaining its economic stranglehold and military attack unless â€Å"our side† won. With the threat of the Soviet Union no longer existing the U.S. is now free to use unlimited force against almost anyone it may choose. The end of the Cold War has caused its problems too as new enemies have needed to be invented. This problem has been solved quite easily if you were to look at the United States’ current international footing. A new and possibly better convincing enemy has been found i n the likes of Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden. The U.S. government has continued a policy of convincing the American public of the great evil existing elsewhere to achieve their economic, technological and defensive objectives.

Behaviorism-reinforcement

It is difficult if not possible to measure what’s going on in a student’s mind at a specific moment. The students appeared to be paying attention were actually thinking non-academic issues, is not interested, is not motivated, is preoccupied with himself, among many other reason for non participation at school. Reinforcement rooted in the classic work of James Watson and B. F. Skinner. My discussion will include techniques, for increasing, decreasing, and maintaining behavior. There are many things to consider in the application of reinforcement so as to elicit behavior or the desired behavior.To give into consideration is that, reinforcement is more effective when it is immediate. If a response of a student is no longer reinforced, as in ignoring a given answer of a student every time a teacher throws a question or unintentionally took it for granted, the learner if again called his attention to give his answer will eventually given up the response. Another is, desired action are encouraged by a reinforcement specifically social reinforcement, which typically include attention can be verbal or nonverbal. For example, the expression on your face can carry an unmistakable message to a student.Usually, however, social reinforcers are verbal either accompanying some other form of reinforcement (â€Å"John, you can act as class monitor because of the way you behave in gym†) or taking the forms of words or phrase that signal your pleasure about the specific behavior. Social reinforcers expression, contact, proximity, privileges, and words. Giving positive remarks as the reinforcement every time the student performed better, finished a task or cooperate in the school activities are helpful in strengthening the students behavior or the possibilities of the repetition of the same positive behavior.A very shy child may find it difficult to join into classroom activities, specially if the school experience is new to her. The teacher’s role is to involve the child in the classroom activities. The child’s behavior should only be recognized when she is at the activity, though not necessarily participating. For example, when the child sits with the group at circle time, sits at a table where manipulative games or arts projects are provided.An activity within easy reach, when she is within easy reach of an activity, reinforce her, by praising and recognizing her behavior. Provide a reinforcement for every involvement in classroom activities as you notice it. A good reinforcement starts out with continuous reinforcement at the beginning stage of learning. Tangible reinforcers such as cookies and badges for young students or notes to parents or certificates for older students are just few examples which are necessary in the appliance of reinforcement so as to achieved desired outcome.In giving reinforcement, as progress in the skill or behavior develops, less emphasis should be placed on tangible reinforcers, such as foo d and tokens, while more emphasis should be given to social reinforcers, such as praise and attention. Reinforcement is given only after the learner gains sufficient skill at a task, be it participating in group work or writing, that later be strengthened or reinforced that later becomes automatic and habitual. Constant reinforcement means reinforcing the behavior of the student every time he participates.Applying a continuous reinforcement produces best results especially in new learning or conditioning situations. In education, we invoke behaviorism by awarding grades for various levels of performance that the more a student manifests interest in school/ classroom the more the behavior is reinforced so as to expect the same responses or behavior. If you wish to use positive reinforcers, and we all do, deliberately or otherwise, then you must be aware of how you use them. The following should put into consideration first; consider the age, interest, and needs of the students.Pieces of candy are not too motivating for adolescents, but they must be great for first-graders; know precisely the behavior you wish to strengthen and make your reinforcers sufficiently desirable; list potential reinforcers that you think would be desirable; vary your reinforcers and keep record of the effectiveness of various reinforcers on individual students. Positive reinforcement is a powerful principle and can be applied to great advantage in the classroom. All of us who teach, from the preschool to the doctoral level, use positive reinforcement.We must avoid, however, making students too dependent on the reinforcement we provide, particularly if we have initiated structured programs for students. We want them to work for those reinforcers that are natural to them. Punishment is a stimulus that follows a behavior and decreases the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated. It can be use to reduced inappropriate behavior but should be done sparingly as even psychologists advice it’s application in moderation. For instance, giving deductions or minuses on the accumulated grade in assignment every time a student misbehave e.g. shouting while the class in going on, decreases the likelihood of the behavior to be repeated. But when a student is not rewarded for appropriate or adaptive behavior, inappropriate or maladaptive behavior may become increasingly dominant, then punishment sinks in to eliminate such undesirable behavior. Sometimes, however, when the goal is to reduce or eliminate misbehavior, teachers consider using punishment (aversive procedures). A word of warning. Don’t fall into the trap of relying punishment.It’s easy; it frequently works for a short time (although not as well with the secondary school students); and gives you a feeling of having established control. Punishment can destroy rapport with the students if excessively used, it produces a ripple effect that touches all students and affects one’s teaching and it may have side effects of which a teacher is unaware. In general, reinforcing alternative behavior is a far better method than punishment. Sources: Elliot et al. ,(2004). Educational psychology 3rd ed. USA: McGrawHill. Essa,V. (1999). A practical guide to solving preschool behavior problems. New York:Delm

The Effect of Transformation of pGLO in Bacteria

Genetic transformation is a process that primarily is inserting new DNA into an organism to change that organism’s trait. This process has many useful benefits when used correctly in different organisms. In this lab, bacteria was transformed by inserting DNA for Green Fluorescent Proteins. The DNA for these proteins were taken from bioluminescent jellyfish Aequorea victoria. One of the main lessons of the lab is learning of the use of ‘plasmids’. Plasmids are small pieces of DNA that usually code for one trait and are easily transferable between bacteria.This transfer of plasmids between bacteria is actually extremely helpful for them and are key in their survival. The plasmid that codes for the Green Fluorescent Proteins is accompanied with a gene for resistance to the antibiotic ampicillin. To ‘switch on’ the gene for fluorescence caused by the proteins, sugar arabinose must be added to the bacteria’s environment. If there is no sugar arabino se introduced to the plates, then the bacteria will appear white and will not glow, even if the gene for the proteins is successfully inserted.If the gene was successfully inserted and there is sugar arabinose present then the bacteria will glow a fluorescent green. The objectives for this lab is was to see the effects on bacteria in four different cases. The first case is the effect on bacteria when the gene for pGLO is introduced with LB (a ‘broth’ like substance that bacteria feed off of) and ampacillin. The second case is the effect on bacteria when the gene for pGLO is introduced with LB, ampacillin, and sugar arabinose.The third case is the effect on bacteria when no gene for pGLO is introduced, but LB and ampacillin is still introduced, The fourth case is the effect on bacteria when no gene for pGLO is introduced, but bacteria is still placed in a LB enriched environment. The hypothesis for the first plate is that bacteria will grow, however it will not glow even though the pGLO gene is introduced because there is no arabinose to effectively activate the gene. The bacteria will still grow although the ampacillin (which normally kills bacteria) is present because the pGLO gene also acts as a resistant to antibiotics.The hypothesis for the second plate is that bacteria will grow and glow because the gene for pGLO is introduced with sugar arabinose to effectively turn it on. The bacteria will also not die although ampacillin is present because, alike to the first plate, the pGLO assists the bacteria in becoming resistant to antibiotics. The hypothesis for the third plate is that no bacteria will grow at all because it is an ampacillin enriched environment with no pGLO gene to help the bacteria become resistant to the antibiotic.The hypothesis for the fourth plate is that the bacteria will grow normally because although there is no pGLO gene introduced, there is also no antibiotic to prevent the bacteria from growing. (AP Biology Development Co mmittee, 2012) Data/Results: ? Figure 1. Recorded results from observing the transformed bacteria under light and in darkness After proper incubation time, we took the plates and viewed them with the lights on and then turned the lights off to see if any of the plates had colonies that glowed.As seen in Figure 1, the first plate produced some bacteria (one colony) and did not glow. The second plate produced a decent amount of bacteria (eight colonies) and ended up glowing. The third plate did not produce any bacteria at all leaving it impossible to see if anything glowed or not. The fourth plate produced the most amount of bacteria (ten colonies) and did not glow. Conclusion: All four of our hypotheses were correct after reviewing the results.The first plate, that consisted of bacteria with pGLO in an environment of LB and ampacillin, produced colonies however they did not glow due to the fact that there was nothing to turn on the pGLO gene. There needed to be arabinose in the envir onment for the gene to be expressed and since there was not there was no glow. The second plate, that consisted of bacteria with pGLO in an environment of LB, ampacillin, and arabinose, produced a fair amount of colonies that did end up glowing. The bacteria glowed because the pGLO was successfully inserted and transformed and had the arabinose to express the gene.The third plate, that consisted of bacteria without pGLO in an environment of LB and ampacillin, did not produce any bacteria. This outcome was due to the fact that ampacillin kills bacteria and there was no pGLO gene to help the bacteria become resistant to the antibiotic. The fourth plate, that consisted of bacteria without pGLO in an environment of just LB, produced the most amount of bacteria because although it did not have the pGLO gene to prevent antibiotics from killing the bacteria, there were no antibiotics to have to account for.It makes sense that the fourth plate produced the most bacteria because although in both plates one and two there was pGLO to prevent the ampacillin from killing the bacteria, not all of the bacteria were likely to go through transformation correctly and therefore not all of the bacteria had the pGLO ultimately resulting in the termination of a lot of potential bacteria colonies. (AP Biology Development Committee, 2012) The Effect of Transformation of pGLO in Bacteria Genetic transformation is a process that primarily is inserting new DNA into an organism to change that organism’s trait. This process has many useful benefits when used correctly in different organisms. In this lab, bacteria was transformed by inserting DNA for Green Fluorescent Proteins. The DNA for these proteins were taken from bioluminescent jellyfish Aequorea victoria. One of the main lessons of the lab is learning of the use of ‘plasmids’. Plasmids are small pieces of DNA that usually code for one trait and are easily transferable between bacteria.This transfer of plasmids between bacteria is actually extremely helpful for them and are key in their survival. The plasmid that codes for the Green Fluorescent Proteins is accompanied with a gene for resistance to the antibiotic ampicillin. To ‘switch on’ the gene for fluorescence caused by the proteins, sugar arabinose must be added to the bacteria’s environment. If there is no sugar arabino se introduced to the plates, then the bacteria will appear white and will not glow, even if the gene for the proteins is successfully inserted.If the gene was successfully inserted and there is sugar arabinose present then the bacteria will glow a fluorescent green. The objectives for this lab is was to see the effects on bacteria in four different cases. The first case is the effect on bacteria when the gene for pGLO is introduced with LB (a ‘broth’ like substance that bacteria feed off of) and ampacillin. The second case is the effect on bacteria when the gene for pGLO is introduced with LB, ampacillin, and sugar arabinose.The third case is the effect on bacteria when no gene for pGLO is introduced, but LB and ampacillin is still introduced, The fourth case is the effect on bacteria when no gene for pGLO is introduced, but bacteria is still placed in a LB enriched environment. The hypothesis for the first plate is that bacteria will grow, however it will not glow even though the pGLO gene is introduced because there is no arabinose to effectively activate the gene. The bacteria will still grow although the ampacillin (which normally kills bacteria) is present because the pGLO gene also acts as a resistant to antibiotics.The hypothesis for the second plate is that bacteria will grow and glow because the gene for pGLO is introduced with sugar arabinose to effectively turn it on. The bacteria will also not die although ampacillin is present because, alike to the first plate, the pGLO assists the bacteria in becoming resistant to antibiotics. The hypothesis for the third plate is that no bacteria will grow at all because it is an ampacillin enriched environment with no pGLO gene to help the bacteria become resistant to the antibiotic.The hypothesis for the fourth plate is that the bacteria will grow normally because although there is no pGLO gene introduced, there is also no antibiotic to prevent the bacteria from growing. (AP Biology Development Co mmittee, 2012) Data/Results: ? Figure 1. Recorded results from observing the transformed bacteria under light and in darkness After proper incubation time, we took the plates and viewed them with the lights on and then turned the lights off to see if any of the plates had colonies that glowed.As seen in Figure 1, the first plate produced some bacteria (one colony) and did not glow. The second plate produced a decent amount of bacteria (eight colonies) and ended up glowing. The third plate did not produce any bacteria at all leaving it impossible to see if anything glowed or not. The fourth plate produced the most amount of bacteria (ten colonies) and did not glow. Conclusion: All four of our hypotheses were correct after reviewing the results.The first plate, that consisted of bacteria with pGLO in an environment of LB and ampacillin, produced colonies however they did not glow due to the fact that there was nothing to turn on the pGLO gene. There needed to be arabinose in the envir onment for the gene to be expressed and since there was not there was no glow. The second plate, that consisted of bacteria with pGLO in an environment of LB, ampacillin, and arabinose, produced a fair amount of colonies that did end up glowing. The bacteria glowed because the pGLO was successfully inserted and transformed and had the arabinose to express the gene.The third plate, that consisted of bacteria without pGLO in an environment of LB and ampacillin, did not produce any bacteria. This outcome was due to the fact that ampacillin kills bacteria and there was no pGLO gene to help the bacteria become resistant to the antibiotic. The fourth plate, that consisted of bacteria without pGLO in an environment of just LB, produced the most amount of bacteria because although it did not have the pGLO gene to prevent antibiotics from killing the bacteria, there were no antibiotics to have to account for.It makes sense that the fourth plate produced the most bacteria because although in both plates one and two there was pGLO to prevent the ampacillin from killing the bacteria, not all of the bacteria were likely to go through transformation correctly and therefore not all of the bacteria had the pGLO ultimately resulting in the termination of a lot of potential bacteria colonies. (AP Biology Development Committee, 2012)

My experience Essay

Over the summer, I took a trip to Mission Beach with my family and friends as we do every summer and Christmas break. Each year we always take a night to go to our favorite restaurant, Tower 21. The refreshing atmosphere, top-notch service, and mouth watering food is what we come back for and they never fail to meet our expectations. This last experience, however, was different than what we were expecting. My family and I were all very ecstatic about getting dressed up and eating delicious food after our long week of burgers and hotdogs by the campfire. When we pulled up to the valet for the restaurant we were greeted with a smile and a quick valet parking process. This was not something out of the ordinary, more of something expected. As we entered the entrance of the restaurant, again, we were greeted with friendly faces that immediately sat us at our reserved table. Our waitress then came to our table and introduced herself very nicely, just as we expected. The beginning of our meal went exceptionally well. Our waitress and bus boy even had a few personal conversations with my family making us feel even more comfortable at the restaurant. But once again, this was something that we always had the pleasure of enjoying when it came to the guest service. After our appetizers were finished, that was when the whole experience changed. Around the corner we could all see our entrees coming our way. The entrees were served with happy faces all around the table. After our waitress made sure everything had come to the table, she went back to her other tables. Each of us began to cut into our steaks in front of us. Immediately you could see disappointment on a few of my family members faces. What they expected to be a perfectly medium rare steak ended up being a medium well steak. At this moment our â€Å"experience† turned to a downward slope. My father called over the waitress to tell her about our complaint. She apologized for the over cooked steaks and had them sent back to the kitchen for new ones. The manager of the restaurant along with our waitress brought over the brand new steaks to make sure they were properly cooked. Of course, this time they were even better than perfect.

Media’s Negative Effect on Women Body Image

I. Images in the media are having a negative impact on female body image and has given society a blurred meaning as to â€Å"beautiful† A. Models 1. Models give an unrealistic view of the ideal woman; they give the idea that you cannot be beautiful unless you are thin. 2. â€Å"The average model is taller and weighs 23 per cent, or almost a quarter, less than the average woman who is 5'4†³ and weighs 148 lbs. † (Canadian Women’s Health) 3. Model’s bodies have been getting thinner by the years, and as the bodys keep slimming down women and girls in society are becoming more unhappy with their selves. B. Economic goals . â€Å"There are no official statistics for spending on diet products, but estimates vary from $40bn to $100bn in the US alone – more than the combined value of the government's budget for health, education and welfare. † (Cummings) 2. By the media presenting an almost impossible ideal to get and maintain, the cosmetic and diet industry becomes profitable. 3. Ads are directed mostly to younger girls purposely. C. Health issues 1. Exposure to images of thin, young, air-brushed female bodies is linked to depression, loss of self-esteem and the development of unhealthy eating habits in women and girls. . The American research group Anorexia Nervosa & Related Eating Disorders, Inc. says that one out of every four college-aged women uses unhealthy methods of weight control (bulimia, anorexia, excess exercising, laxatives, skipping meals. ) 3. This has even affected younger girls, as low as 5-6 years old. 4. Nearly half of all preadolescent girls wish to be thinner, and as a result have engaged in a diet or are aware of the concept of dieting. (Tiggeman) 5. Researchers generating a computer model of a woman with Barbie-doll proportions, for example, found that her back would be too weak to support the weight of her upper body, and her body would be too narrow to contain more than half a liver and a few centimeters of bowel. A  real woman built that way would suffer from chronic diarrhea and eventually die from malnutrition. II. Although the damage has been well done, by eliminating the fake women pictures and providing the society with a healthier view of themselves, women’s views about themselves would be a lot healthier and they would feel uch happier. A. Although these campaigns have just started with their healthy ideas, many companies have tried to help with this problem and have received much positive feedback. 1. In 2004, Dove launched the very successful Campaign for Real Beauty which features real women, not models, advertising Dove's firming cream. (Dove) 2. Dove has also recently launched a new campaign, 3. In Septem ber 2006, a news and media furor erupted when Spain banned overly thin models from its fashion runways. 4. Dove produced this video in response to the negative comments of the changes of the company’s models called Evolution which shows the transformation from a regular women to a model and how unrealistic perceptions of beauty are. 5. In 2010, Dove ® set out a bold new vision for the brand with the Dove ® Movement for Self-Esteem. ( Dove) III. Not everyone agrees, however, that this is something wrong. A. The people that prosper from these ideas say 1. Women need to have more self control. a. It’s not like women can just avoid these ads, they are everywhere and have come to dominate our society. Depression and low self-esteem is not something that women want to have. Not everyone is born the same. 2. Obesity is a problem, thinner is healthier. a. Thinner can be healthier because obesity has become a growing issue but the media has taken it to their advantage. b. The thinness shown in magazines and models is not healthy, the models are always underweight which leads to fainting and serious health conditions including malnutrition. Works Cited â€Å"Beauty and Body Image in Media. † Media Awareness Network. N. p. , n. d. Web. 20 Nov 2011. . Cummings, Laura. â€Å"The diet business: Banking on Failure. † BBC news. N. p. , 05/02/2003. Web. 20 Nov 2011. . â€Å"Body Image and the Media. † Canadian's Women's Health Network. N. p. , 2005. Web. 20 Nov 2011. . â€Å"The Dove Campaign for Real Beauty. † Dove. Dove, n. d. Web. 20 Nov 2011. .